Thought after Test Automation Day 2013

Henry Ford said “Obstacles are those frightful things you see when take your eyes off the goal.” After I’ve been to Test Automation Day last month I’m figuring out why industrializing testing doesn’t work. I try to put it in this negative perspective, because I think it works! But also when is it successful? A lot of times the remark from Ford is indeed the problem. People tend to see obstacles. Obstacles because of the thought that it’s not feasible to change something. They need to change. But that’s not an easy change.

After attending the #TAD2013 as it was on Twitter I saw a huge interest in better testing, faster testing, even cheaper testing by using tools to industrialize. Test automation has long been seen as an interesting option that can enable faster testing. it wasn’t always cheaper, especially the first time, but at least faster. As I see it it’ll enable better testing. “Better?” you may ask. Test automation itself doesn’t enable better testing, but by automating regression tests and simple work the tester can focus on other areas of the quality.

And isn’t that the goal? In the end all people involved in a project want to deliver a high quality product, not full of bugs. But they also tend to see the obstacles. I see them less and less. New tools are so well advanced and automation testers are becoming smarter and smarter that they enable us to look beyond the obstacles. I would like to say look over the obstacles.

At the Test Automation Day I learned some new things, but it also proved something I already know; test automation is here to stay. We don’t need to focus on the obstacles, but should focus on the goal.

--Ewald

The Toyota Way: The need for doing it right the first time

After WWII Toyota started developing its Toyota Production System (TPS); which was identified as ‘Lean’ in the 1990s. Taiichi Ohno, Shigeo Shingo and Eiji Toyoda developed the system between 1948 and 1975. In the myth surrounding the system it was not inspired by the American automotive industry, but from a visit to American supermarkets, Ohno saw the supermarket as model for what he was trying to accomplish in the factor and perfect the Just-in-Time (JIT) production system. While accomplishing this low inventory levels were a key outcome of the TPS, and an important element of the philosophy behind its system is to work intelligently and eliminate waste so that only minimal inventory is needed.

As TPS and Lean have their own principles as outlined by Toyota:

• Long-term Philosophy
• Right process will produce the right results
• Value to organization by developing people
• Solving root problems drives organizational learning

As these principles were summed up and published by Toyota in 2001, by naming it “The Toyota Way 2001”. It consists the above named principles in two key areas: Continuous Improvement, and Respect for People.

The principles for a continuous improvement include establishing a long-term vision, working on challenges, continual innovation, and going to the source of the issue or problem. The principles relating to respect for people include ways of building respect and teamwork. When looking at the ALM all these principles come together in the ‘first time right’ approach already mentioned. And from Toyota’s view they were outlined as followed:

• The right process will produce the right results
  • Create continuous process flow to bring problems to the surface.
  • Use the ‘pull’ system to avoid overproduction (kanban)
  • Level out the workload (heijunka).
  • Build a culture of stopping to fix problems, to get quality right from the first (jidoka)
• Continuously solving root problems drives organizational learning
  • Go and see for yourself to thoroughly understand the situation (Genchi Genbutsu);
  • Make decisions slowly by consensus, thoroughly considering all options (nemawashi); implement decisions rapidly;
  • Become a learning organization through relentless reflection (hansei) and continuous improvement (kaizen).

Let’s do it right now!

As the economy is changing and IT is more common sense throughout ore everyday life the need for good quality software products has never been this high. Software issues create bigger and bigger issues in our lives. Think about trains that cannot ride due to software issues, bank clients that have no access to their bank accounts, and people oversleeping because their alarm app didn’t work on their iPhone. As Capers Jones [Jones, 2011] states in his 2011 study that “software is blamed for more major business problems than any other man-made product” and that “poor quality has become one of the most expensive topics in human history”. The improvement of software quality is a key topic for all industries.

Right the first time vs jidoka

In both TPS and Lean autonomation or jidoka are used. Autonomation can be described as ‘intelligent autonomation’, it means that when an abnormal situation arises the ‘machine’ stops and fix the abnormality. Autonomation prevents the production of defective products, eliminates overproduction, and focuses attention on understanding the problem and ensuring that it never recurs; a quality control process that applies the following four principles:

• Detect the abnormality.
• Stop.
• Fix or correct the immediate condition.
• Investigate the root cause and install a countermeasure.

Find defects as early as possible

In other words autonomation helps to get quality right the first time perfectly. With IT projects being different from the Toyota car production line, ‘perfectly’ may be a bit too much, but the process around quality assurance should be the same:

• Find the defect.
• Stop.
• Fix or correct the error.
• Investigate the root cause and take countermeasures.

The defect should be found as early as possible to be fixed as early as possible. And as with Lean and TPS the reason behind this is to make it possible to address the identification and correction of defects immediately in the process.